NEST Syllabus Biology 2018 | NEST BIO Syllabus 2018 | National Entrance Screening Test Syllabus 2018| NEST 2018 Syllabus Biology | NEST 2018 BIO Syllabus | National Entrance Screening Test 2018 Syllabus
NEST Syllabus Cell Biology
Cell theory and cells as unit of life. Tools and techniques of cell studies - use of microscope and calibration (microscopy), elements of microscope. Biomembranes - transport mechanism, cellular respiration. Cell organelles - structure and functions. Discovery and structure of DNA,processes of replication, transcription, genetic code and translation. Principles of the basic techniques in molecular biology.
NEST Syllabus Anatomy and Physiology
Digestive System - Modes of nutrition. Structure of alimentary canal and associated glands, digestive enzymes and gastrointestinal hormones. Absorption of products of digestion, peristalsis, balanced diet.
Respiratory System - Gaseous exchange in animals. Structure of respiratory organs, mechanism of breathing, gaseous transport, tissue respiration.
Circulatory System - Open and closed systems.Functions of blood and 1ymph. Microscopic structure of blood and blood vessels. Structures and working of heart. Distribution of arteries and veins. Circulation of bloodcoagulation. Blood groups.
Excretory System - Elimination of nitrogenous waste. Osmoconformers and osmoregulators.
Structure and function of kidney tubules. Arrangement of excretory organs.
Nervous System - General account of brain, spinal cord and nerves. Reflex actions (simple and conditioned). Sense organs (eye and ear).
Reproductive System --- Sexual and asexual reproduction. General arrangement and functions of reproductive organs.
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Developmental Biology --- Basic features of development in animals. Types of eggs, fertilization, cleavage, blastula. Stem cells- definition, types, uses, advantages and disadvantages,induced pluripotent stem cells.
Diversity of Animal Life ---Principles of classification, binomial nomenclature. General classification of animal phyla up to classes (invertebrates) and upto sub-classes/ order (vertebrates), General characters of fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
Genetics and Evolution --- Fundamentals of genetics and evolution. Human genetics - human chromosomes, sex-determination, sex-linked inheritance. Evidences and theories of organic evolution. Organization of the heredity material in chromosomes. Equational division.
Reduction division. Mitosis and meiosis comparedand contrasted. Significance of meiosis.
Mendel's laws of inheritance. Discovery of linkage, sex-linked inheritance. Crossing-over, stage at which crossing-over occurs. Neurospora genetics. Mutation - discovery, types of Mutation and Mutations in diploids. Role of mutations in evolution. Elaboration of Mendel's laws of inheritance. Monohybrid or Dihybrid crosses.
Immunology- Basics of immune mechanisms and diseases- active and passive immunity, T and B cell responses, antigen presentation, principles of vaccination, monoclonal antibodies and their uses, immunology of AIDS.
Enzymes- catalysis, kinetics, activation energy, competitive and non-competitive inhibition.
NEST Syllabus Ecology
Physical and biological factors influencing organisms. Food chains, pyramids of numbers and
biomass. Biological equilibrium. Interspecific associations.
NEST Syllabus Botany
Anatomy and Physiology of Plants - Meristems.Plant growth and development. Internal and
external regulators of growth and development in plant. Internal structure of root, stem,
secondary growth and leaves. Xylem and Phloem - their cell elements and functions. Internal
structure of dicot and monocot leaves. Photosynthesis - history, importance, factors and
mechanism, stomatal mechanism, transpiration and respiration. Comparative study of dicot
and monocot anatomy. Absorption and cell-water relations, transport of water and minerals,
tropic and turgor movements. Significance of life-cycles with special reference to alternation
of generations as exemplified in Funaria, Selaginella and Pinus (no structural details).
Systematics - Principles of classical and new systematics. Binomial nomenclature. Familiarity
with taxa.
NEST Syllabus Humans and Environment
Soil, rainfall and temperature with reference to natural resources. Our natural resources - their uses and abuses. Environmental pollution and preventive measures.
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